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陈式太极拳之我见

2008-05-30   taiji.net.cn
核心提示:陈式太极拳是中国宗教文化的缩影,中国的宗教文化特色是三教合一。儒学、道学与佛学的文化特征分别是:儒尚中正,道尚自然、佛尚...
  

陈式太极拳是中国宗教文化的缩影,中国的宗教文化特色是三教合一。儒学、道学与佛学的文化特征分别是:儒尚中正,道尚自然、佛尚空明。“儒”以孔子的中庸之道,修身齐家治国平天下,法则则为孟子的“吾善养吾浩然之气”以行之;而“道”则以老子的“自然之道”以达“天人和一”、“无为而治”,法则则为“专气致柔”、“恬淡虚无”以行之;“佛”以“空明之道”教人“明心见性”,通达“虚空法界”,法则则为“以和为尚”。三教之中,佛之境界当为最高之境界。
    试看太极拳的修炼法则:立身中正(精神内敛),呼吸自然(摧僵取揉),虚灵顶劲(外沉实内松空),气沉丹田(平心静气),劲走螺旋(势正招圆),莫不合于儒、道、释之法则。
    再看陈式太极拳起手一势,即称之为金刚倒碓,其取名、取形、取意,即有无上奥旨。其练法、用法,也以“不丢不顶”,“不偏不抗”,“不即不离”,“无过无不及”,顺逆互见,刚柔相济,阴阳互根,显示其“其大无外”“其小无内”之无上境界。
    陈式太极拳老架套路次序之编排亦有甚深妙意,开以金刚捣碓始,金刚捣碓中,最终以金刚捣碓收势。此金刚三捣碓之深意,即暗示此拳乃是修习无上佛法的法宝。亦是进德修心之阶梯。(若在道学可理解为道生一、一生二、二生三、三生万物)。
    陈式太极拳取法于阴阳,称名曰太极,暗合于《易》理,通天、地、人三才之道,讲究五行生克运化,调和气血,强壮经络,涵养心性,所谓大处难觅其小,小处可见其大。亦如阳春白雪,曲高和寡,非得至缘者,诚难彻其底蕴。在此借用邵夫子古诗一首,以明文旨:
    冬至子之半,天心无改移,玄酒味初淡,大音声正稀。
                                          
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            My Opinion on Chen Style Tai Chi
    Chen Style Tai Chi is the miniature of Chinese religion culture. The feature of Chinese religion culture is the union of three religions. Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism have their respective cultural characteristics: Confucianism advocates golden means, Taoism advocates naturalism, Buddhism void of the world.
    Confucianism uses Confucius’ golden means of cultivating morality, keeping family complete and managing state affairs, with the principle of Mencius’ ‘cultivating great spirit for  everything’;But Taoism follows Laozi’s naturalism to reach‘the harmony of universe an human beings’ as well as‘ letting things take their own course’,with the principle of ‘attending to breath to soft’,‘indifferent to fame or benefit and nihility’for everything; Buddhism employs ‘the way of holding or containing nothing in mind’to teach people ‘to clear their minds for seeing their own temperament’,up to the‘hollow realm’, with the principle of‘advocating the harmony’.Among the three religions, Buddhism should be the utmost level.
    Now have look at the training principles of Tai Chi: keeping the body straight (energy gathered together inside the body), keeping respiration natural (taking out stiffness and holding softness), relaxing cervix with head upwards (sinking outside but keeping empty inside), breath going down to the pubic region (keeping the state of mind still an breath unhindered and smooth), making strength go as helix (keeping poses right and movements perfect), all these keep accord with the rules of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism.
    Have another look at the beginning action of Chen Style, which is called ‘Buddha’s warrior attendant pounds mortar’,its name, form and meaning signify abstruse purport. Chen Style’s techniques of training and application take the forms of ‘no abandonment or contradiction’,‘no impartiality or dispute’,‘no dependence or rejection’,‘no excess or deficiency’,going against suitably, tempering toughness with gentleness, naturally rooting Yin and Yang together, have shown the utmost level of its ‘greatness to in infinity and smallness to nothing’.
    Chen Style’s arrangement of old-pose sequence implicates wonderful purposes. It begins with ‘Buddha’s warrior attendant pounds mortar’,using it in the middle and ending with it as well. The profound meaning of the three ‘Buddha’s warrior attendant pounds mortar’ imply that Tai Chi is the magic weapon of practicing the tiptop Buddha dharma; It is also a ladder to advanced morality. (Form the point of view in Taoism, it may be comprehended as; Tao produces one, one produces two, two produces three, and three produces everything in the world).
    Chen Style Tai Chi originated from Yin and Yang, named Tai Chi, keeps accord with theories of ‘Yi’(Changes), masters the way for universe, earth and human beings, pays attention to restraint and transformation among five elements (metal, wood, water, fire and earth), making breath and blood flow much more harmonious, making collateral channels much more muscular, conserving temperament. Like the saying that it is hard to find the smallness in a big place but easy to find the greatness in a small place, and also like highbrow art and literature, too abstruse to be popular. If not lucky enough, it is really difficult to penetrate its inside information.
    Here I take an ancient poem by Scholar Shao to show the purpose of the article;
    The Winter Solstice comes to the middle of the year,
    But the cosmic movements have never changed;
    Drinking over arguments on abstruse theories is light and tasteless at first,
    The wonderful sound in the universe is no sound in deed.

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